Vitamin D slows cellular aging by minimising the shortening of gene structures known as telomeres; the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes.
Chromosomes are molecules of DNA that carry our genetic information; they have long threadlike structures ending in the telomeres. They stabilise and keep the integrity of these cells when they are dividing.
Longer white cell telomeres for example are associated with a reduced risk of stroke, depression and dementia in older folk. Memory particularly in women was strongly associated with vitamin D levels.
There are some technical terms we need to grasp but I'll try and keep it simple. The telomere was one of them. Another is senescence; it is the process of growing older as we are all doing. Vitamin D slows this cellular aging.
When a cell senesces it begins to deteriorate; it stops dividing but it doesn't die. The telomeres shorten and when large numbers of these aging particles build up in the body then we rapidly grow old. Science has proved this process can be slowed; but how?
These shortened telomeres are strongly associated with premature aging; the early onset of frailty. Conditions of the brain and the heart begin to show their faces long before their time; we start to lose our marbles.
One in nine Americans by the age of 65 has Alzheimer's Disease; it is possible to slow this cellular aging but it is only for those who really want to "live long in the land."
Certain changes have to be made long before the onset of this early frailty of body and mind; but even then it's not too late. Start by getting more vitamin D.
Take a daily walk in the sun with a hat on; protect the nose, face and ears from skin cancers. We could argue about how long but that is not sensible; it depends on how far from the equator you live and the season. Just get out of doors daily; jump on your bicycle, dig in the garden and smell the roses.
Researchers discourage vitamin D supplements; they are associated with kidney stones and other serious side effects. Get the nutrient from your food and exposure to sunshine.
Large groups of people are now forest bathing; getting out of doors, focusing on all your senses. That means listening to the sound of the wind in the willows, perhaps the overpowering scent as you walk past a beehive in the season and tasting a cherry guava.
Just spending more time out of doors will also protect your eyes from myopia, a serious disease associate with too much screen time by the way.
You can get vitamin D from supplements and from your food but the chief source is sunlight; that means spending time out of doors. The ultraviolet doesn't penetrate through glass by the way.
In the VITAL trial they found that vitamin D supplements reduced the prevalence of fatal cancers, serious autoimmune diseases like lupus and reduced the biomarkers associated with inflammation.
Researchers have now shown that vitamin D does this by preserving the length of these telomeres; and that protects cells that are busy dividing from premature aging.
In just four years they found that in the placebo group there was substantial shortening of the telomeres; but those taking the vitamin D supplements were hardly affected.
They found that the placebo group aged by four years in that period but those exposed to vitamin D by only one; they were predicted to live 36 months longer.
Although this research was done using vitamin D supplements so they would know exactly how much each person was receiving, the strong medical opinion today is that it is more effective from sunshine and our food.
There are five places on the planet where one in three persons reaches an active and busy age of ninety; and ten times as many turn one hundred. They don't just achieve long lives; it is a quality life too.
None of us has any desire whatsoever to reach ninety having lost our marbles or spending our days in bed; in the current jargon we are looking at "health span."
The lifestyle factors that enable these folk to enjoy these extraordinarily long zestful lives are complex; but interestingly in all five they are gardeners and much of their food they have grown themselves. They spend a lot of time out of doors getting plenty of sunshine and vitamin D.
Most unusual is that in all five they also grow broad beans, the only source of the happy hormone dopamine. Generally it's a much disliked legume; absolutely delicious eaten young and on the day it was harvested but starchy and awful otherwise.
Growing some of your own vegetables, taking time to smell the roses and taking in sunshine all lie at the heart of better health. Three-quarters of grocery store shelf space is taken up with ultraprocessed food. The research is unequivocal; shortened telomeres, pain and disability await us.
Is it time to take stock of your life? What's important to you in the years that lie ahead?
"There is increasing evidence that exposure to plants and green space and particularly to gardening, is beneficial to mental and physical health."
- Clinical Medicine (PMC6334070)
Frailty comes inevitably even to those who are privileged to enjoy long and fruitful lives; but research now indicates that British women on average are handicapped for a third of their days.
There are four vitamins that have been shown to be absolutely essential to prevent the early onset of frailty; it would seem that D must be now be added to them.
Vitamin D slows cellular aging by protecting the chromasomes; best from sunshine and our food.
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